(RS)-2-(2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxy-4,6,7-trimethylbenzofuranyl) acetic acids and 2-(2,3-dihydro-5-acyloxy-4,6,7-trimethylbenzofuranyl) acetic acids and esters thereof, useful as mucoregulator and anti-ischemic drugs

ABSTRACT

The present invention relates to (RS)-2-(2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxy-4,6,7-trimethylbenzofuranyl) acetic acids and 2-(2,3-dihydro-5-acyloxy-4,6,7-trimethylbenzofuranyl) acetic acids and esters thereof, the process for producing them and their relevant therapeutical use as mucoregulators and antiischemic agents.

FIELD AND BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to (RS) (2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxy-4,6,7-trimethylbenzofuranyl) acetic acids and 2 (2,3-dihydro-5-acyloxy-4,6,7-trimethylbenzofuranyl) acetic acids and esters thereof, the process for producing them and their relevant therapeutical use as mucoregulators and antiischemic agents.

It is well-known that the damage caused by free radicals and oxidizing metabolites forming starting from oxygen under pathological conditions affect various organs including respiratory apparatus, the brain, and the heart, and are involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory processes, blood platelet aggregation, tumoral processes, miocardial and cerebral necrosis.

In particular, as to the respiratory apparatus, oxygen free radicals contribute, by inactivation of the inhibitor of alpha-1-protease, to the genesis of pulmonary emphysema and to the amplification of inflammatory processes.

As to the central nervous system, the oxygen free radicals are important mediators of the tissural damages occuring during reperfusion after cerebral ischemia.

As to myocardial ischemia, the oxygen free radicals contribute to cause miocardial damages both during ischemia and during post-ischemic reperfusion.

Substances having antioxidizing and radical scavenger activity, by neutralizing oxygen reactive metabolites, can be useful therapeutical agents for the treatment of pulmunary emphysema and of the inflammatory processes of the mucous membranes of the respiratory apparatus and for the sequences of cerebral and cardiac infarct.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Some of the substances synthetized to this end and claimed in the present invention have resulted, surprisingly, to have mucolytic and mucoregulating activity.

The present invention relates to anti-oxidizing substances of the following formula (I) ##STR1## or to pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: R is:

a hydrogen,

an acyl, either linear or branched, whith a number of carbon atoms variable from 1 to 7, in particular acetyl, propanoyl, butanoyl, isobutanoyl;

a hemiacyl of a bicarboxylic acid, in particular hemisuccinoyl,

an lower alkyl, in particular methyl and ethyl;

R₁ is:

a hydrogen,

a linear or branched alkyl with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, in particular methyl, ethyl, isobutyl, octyl, octadecyl,

an alkyl ether of the type: ##STR2## wherein n and n₁ are numbers variable from 0 to 6 and R₂ is an lower alkyl,

an alkyl diether of the type:

    --(CH.sub.2).sub.n --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.n.sbsb.1 --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.n.sbsb.2 --CH.sub.3

wherein n, n₁ are variable from 1 to 6 and n₂ is a number variable from 0 to 6,

an alkylamine of the type: ##STR3## wherein n is a number variable from 0 to 6, R₂ has the previous meaning and R₃ and R₄ are lower alkyls: in particular the alkylamino group can be dimethylaminoethyl,

a N-alkylheterocyclic of the type: ##STR4## wherein X═CH₂, S, O, N--R₂ (wherein R₂ has the previous meaning), n is a number variable from 1 to 6, n₃ and n₄ are numbers variable from 1 to 3: in particular N-alkylheterocyclic can be a N-ethylmorpholinic or N-ethyl-N'-methylpiporazinic group.

The process for preparing the above described new compounds is also an object of the present invention (diagram 1). They are synthetized according to a general synthesis scheme using as starting product 2,5-diacetyloxy-3, 4,6-trimethylphenylacetaldehyde (prepared according to K.Okamoto et al., Chem.Pharm. Bull. 1082, (8), 2797) leading to obtain (Rs)-2-(2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxy-4,6,7-trimethylbenzofuranyl) acetic acid, in two steps. From the latter, by acylation and alkylation of the phenolic hydroxyl and by esterification of the carboxylic group with suitable reagents, all the products described in the present invention are obtained.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

In the first step a condensation according to Wittig is carried out between 2,5-diacetyloxy-3,4,6-trimethylphenylacetaldehyde and carboethoxymethylentriphenylphosphorane, dissolving the two compounds in a suitable organic solvent under stirring, bringing then the solution to boil and refluxing it for a sufficiently long time. By evaporation of the solvent, ethyl trans-4-(2,5-diacetyloxy-3,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-2-butenoate is obtained, which is crystallized by a suitable solvent.

The latter, dissolved in an organic solvent, e.g. acetone, is saponified by treating it with KOH or NaOH, in the presence of sodic hydrosulphite or of another suitable reducer to prevent oxidation of the resulting hydroquinone to quinone, then refluxing the reaction mixture for a sufficiently long time. The thus formed hydroquinone cyclizes directly to a (RS)-2-(2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxy-4,6,7-trimethylbenzofuranyl)acetic acid, which is isolated by extraction with an organic solvent followed by re-extraction with a solution of NaHCO₃ and acidification of the latter. The product obtained is filtered under vacuum and crystallized. ##STR5##

(RS)-2-(2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxy-4,6,7-trimethylbenzofuranyl) acetic acid is acylated to the phenolic hydroxyl dissolving it under nitrogen atmosphere in the sufficient amount of an organic base such as pyridine, collidine or toluidine and adding to such solution the acylating agent, i.e. the acid anhydride or an acylic halide. The reaction mixture, diluted with water, is then extracted with an organic solvent after acidification. The alkylation of the same phenolic hydroxyl is carried out in an acetone solution using K CO q Na₂ CO₃ as base and an alkyl halide.

The esterification of 5-acyl and 5-alkyl derivatives of (RS)-2-(2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxy-4,6, 7-trimethylbenzofuranyl) acetic acid is carried out passing through the acid halide thereof. To obtain the latter, the acid is dispersed in benzene and oxalyl halide is added, keeping then the solution under stirring, shortly, at a suitable temperature (generally 50° C.).

After removing the solvent and washing the residue with toluene, the halide is used directly, without purification, for the subsequent reaction. The latter consists in the esterification, carried out in an aprotic organic solvent such as tetrahydrofuran, by adding the alcohol to the halide in the presence of pyridine or of another organic base. The isolation and purification of the final product depend on the nature of the alcohol used for the esterification.

Generally one extraction with organic solvent and one crystallization are sufficient. In some cases it is necessary to use chromatography tecniques.

It is possible, finally, to esterify directly (RS)-2-(2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxy-4,6,7-trimethylbenzofuranyl) acetic acid by reacting it with an ether solution, or in another organic solvent, of the suitable diazoalkane. Once the excess of the latter has been destroyed with acetic acid, the desired product is obtained by simply evaporating the solution and effecting a chromatography for the purification.

The invention also relates to the use of the substances of formula (I) as mucolytic-mucoregulating and antiinflammatory drugs.

In Table I there are reported, as an example, the effects on mucoproduction of the compounds:

(RS)-2-(2,3-dihydro-5-acetyloxy-4,6,7-trimethylbenzofuranyl) acetic acid (IRFI 016) and (RS)-2-(2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxy-4,6,7-trimethylbenzofuranyl) acetic acid (IRFI 005) and (RS)-2-(2,3-dihydro-5-acetyloxy-4,6,7-trimethylbenzofuranyl) acetic acid ethyl ester (IRFI 034).

In Table II there are reported the effects of compound IRFI 016 on muco production in rabbits.

In Table III there is reported the antiinflammatory activity of compound IRFI 016.

TABLE I: MUCOPRODUCTION IN MICE

The method described by Graziani et coll. (Il Farmaco Ed. Pr. 36, 167, 1981)--opportunely modified--has been followed.

Male albine mice CD 1 (Charles River) weighing 22-24 g. were used.

There was assessed the dosage of red phenol, injected intraperitoneally, in the bronchial wash liquid, comparing the values obtained in the treated animals.

The drugs were administered orally (gastric probing).

As comparison drugs some of the mucolytic/mucoregulating agents most widely known and used in human therapy have been chosen.

                  TABLE I                                                          ______________________________________                                         Oral administration. (n = 10)                                                  SUBSTANCE   DE.sub.50 mg/kg                                                                            SAFETY LIMITS 95%                                      ______________________________________                                         IRFI 016    151.697     112.602-190.692                                        IRFl 005    61.88       53.534-70.232                                          lRFI 034    44.477      39.132-49.821                                          THlOPRONlNE 155.75      134.389-176.518                                        BROMEXlNE   177.06      170.872-183.252                                        ______________________________________                                    

TABLE II: MUCOPRODUCTION IN RABBITS

The method described by Scuri et Coll. (Boll. Chim. Farm. 119, 181, 1980) was followed.

Male HY rabbits (Charles River) weighing 3-3.5 Kg were used.

The drugs were administered intravenously (auricular vein) and the tracheo-bronchial mucus was collected for 4 hours before (basal) and after the pharmaceutical treatment.

As comparison drugs some of the mucolitic/mucoregulating agents most known and used in human therapy were selected.

                  TABLE II                                                         ______________________________________                                         Intravenous administration (n = 10)                                            SUBSTANCE      DE.sub.50 mg/kg                                                                            SAFETY LIMITS                                       ______________________________________                                         IRFI 005       12.443       8.827-16.060                                       IRFI 016       10.547       8.723-12.372                                       N-ACETYLCYSTEINE                                                                              17.279      16.990-17.568                                       BROMEXlNE      8.395       8.301-8.490                                         SOBREROLE      7.541       7.520-7.563                                         ______________________________________                                    

TABLE III: ANTINFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY

The method by Winter et Coll. (J.Pharmacol.Expl. The. 141, 369, 1963) was used.

Male Wistar rats (Charles River) weighing 120-130 g were used.

The influence of the drugs on the carragenine subplantar edema was studied (0.05 ml of a suspension of 1% carragenine in distilled water).

The drugs were administered orally (gastric probing).

                  TABLE III                                                        ______________________________________                                         Oral administration (n = 5)                                                                            EDEMA VOL                                                            DOSAGE    (ml)                                                   SUBSTANCE     mg/kg     X + ES      VAR. %                                     ______________________________________                                         CONTROLS      --        0.332 + 0.45                                                                               --                                         IRFI 016      200       0.158 + 0.38                                                                               -52                                        IRFI 016      100       0.202 + 0.43                                                                               -39                                        CONTROL       --        0.310 + 0.05                                           PHENYLBUTAZONE                                                                               100       0.140 + 0.02                                                                               -58                                        ______________________________________                                    

Therefore, according to the present invention the compounds of formula I can be used as mucoregulating drugs for the treatment of all the diseases of the respiratory apparatus characterized by an increase in the consistence and amount of secretion (bronchitis and bronchiolitis, chronical bronchitis, bronchiectasis and complications of asthmatic disease and pulmunary emphysema, acute and chronical pharyngopharyngitis and tracheitis, rhinitis and synusitis with phlogosis of the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract).

For the therapeutical use the compounds of Formula I can be administered orally, topically, parenterally, by inhalation or rectally in formulations containing non-toxic conventional pharmaceutical excipients. The term `parenteral` herein used includes subcutaneous, endovenous, intramuscular, intrasternum injections or technical infusions.

The pharmaceutical compostions containing the active principles can be in a form suitable to the oral use, e.g. tablets, aqueous or oily suspensions, dispersable powders or granules, hard or soft capsules, syrups or elixirs. The compositions for the oral use can contain one or more sweetening colouring aromatizing and preservative agents apt to make the pharmaceutical preparation elegant and palatable.

The formulations for the oral use include tablets wherein the active drug is mixed with non-toxic, pharmaceutically acceptable eccipients that may be inert diluents such as calcium carbonate, sodium carbonate, lactose, calcium phosphate or sodium phosphate; granulating or disintegrating agents such as wheat starch or alginic acid; binding agents such as starch, jellies; lubricating agents such as magnesium stearate, stearic acid or talc.

The tablets can be non-coated or coated with the known techniques to retard disintegration and absorption in the gastrointestinal tract in order to have a delayed action, prolonged in time.

The aqueous solutions generally contain the active principles mixed with the suitable eccipients. The eccipients can be suspending agents, such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, sodium alginate, polyvinylpyrrolidone; dispersing or wetting agents. They can contain one or more preservatives e.g. ethyl or n-propyl p-hydroxybenzoate; one or more colouring agents; one or more aromatizing agents; one or more sweeteners.

The oily suspensions can be formulated by suspending the active principle in a vegetal or mineral oil; they can contain sweetening and aromatizing agents to make the preparation palatable.

The dispersable powders and granules apt to the preparation of an aqueous suspension by addition of water contain the active principle in a mixture with a dispersing or wetting agent, a suspending agent and one or more preservatives.

The pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention can also be in the form of water/oil emulsion. The oily phase can be substituted by a vegetal or mineral oil. The emulsioning agents can be natural rubbers, such as acacia rubber, or natural phosphatides, e.g. lecitine or natural or synthetic fat acid esters.

Syrups and elixirs can be formulated with sweetening agents, e.g. glycerol, sorbitol or saccarose. The pharmaceutical compostions can be in the form of aqueous or oily sterile injectable suspensions. The suspensions can be formulated by the known techniques using dispersing or wetting agents and known suspending agents. The sterile injectable reparations can be sterile solutions or suspensions injectable in a non-toxic solvent or diluent suitable for parenteral use.

The compounds of Formula I can also be administered rectally in the form of suppositories. These compositions can be prepared by mixing the active principle with a suitable non-irritating eccipient which is solid at standard temperature but liquid at the rectal temperature; it melts, therefore, in the rectum and releases the drug. Polyethylenglycoles and cocoa butter are suitable to this end.

For the topic use creams, ointments, jellies, solutions, suspensions or other proper formulations containing the mucolytic can be prepared.

The following examples illustrate the invention without limiting it.

EXAMPLE 1 (a) Trans ethyl 4-(2,5-diacetyloxy-3,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-2-butenoate

A solution of 2.5-diacetyloxy-3,4,6-trimethylphenylacetaldehyde (69.1 g, prepared according to K.Okamoto et al, Chem.Pharm. Bull. 1982, 30, (8), 2797) and of carbohetoxymethylentriphenylphosphorane (145.2 g) is refluxed in dioxane (5.0 lt) for 16 hours. The mixture is evaporated under vacuum and the residue is crystallized by ethanol, obtaining 69.2 g of a white crystalline solid. M.P.=128 -30° C.; IR (KBr): 1750 (CH₃ COOAr), 1724 cm⁻¹ (COOC₂ H₅); ¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃): 7.2-6.7.(lH,m), 5.8-5.4 (lH,m), 4.15 (2H,q), 3.5-3.3 (2H,m), 2.30 (3H,s), 2.27 (3H,s), 2.02 (3H,s), 2.00 (6H,s), 1.2 (3H,t).

    ______________________________________                                         Elemental analysis for C.sub.19 H.sub.24 O.sub.6 (M.W. 348.39)                         C %         H %    O %                                                 ______________________________________                                         Eval.     66.09         6.82   27.08                                           Found     66.17         6.86   26.79                                           ______________________________________                                    

(b) (RS)-2-(2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxy-4,6,7-trimethylbenzofuranyl) acetic acid (IRFI 005)

A mixture of trans ethyl 4-(2,5-diacetyloxy-3,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-2-butenoate (69.2 g), Na₂ S₂ O₄ (210 g), acetone (850 ml) and 10% KOH (3.35 lt) is refluxed for 4 hours. After cooling, the solution is acidified and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic phase is then washed twice with H₂ O and re-extracted with 5% NaHCO₃. The aqueous phase is acidified and the precipitate is vacuum filtered, dried and crystallized by benzene.

35.5 g is obtained. M.P.=173°-4° C.; IR (KBr): 3427 (OH), 1709 cm⁻¹ (COOH); ¹ H-NMR (DMSO-d₆): 12.2 (1H,sb), 7.4 (1H.sb), 5.35-4.85 (1H,m), 3.55-2.55 (4H,m), 2.05 (6H,s), 2.00 (3H,s),

    ______________________________________                                         Elemental analysis for C.sub.13 H.sub.16 O.sub.4 (M.W. 236.27)                         C %         H %    O %                                                 ______________________________________                                         Eval.     66.09         6.82   27.08                                           Found     66.17         6.86   26.79                                           ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 2 (RS)-2-(2,3-dihydro-5-acetyloxy-4,6,7-trimethylbenzofuranyl) acetic acid (IRFI 016)

A solution of (RS)-2-(2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxy-4,6,7-trimethylbenzofuranyl) acetic acid (see example 1) (3.5 g) in pyridine (15.8 ml) and acetic anhydride (9.5 ml) is stirred under nitrogen atmosphere for 4 hours. To the solution there is added ice (40g) and HCl 6 N until pH 2, then is extracted with chlorophorm.

The organic phase is dried and vacuum evaporated. The residue is crystallized by benzene: 3.0 g of a white crystalline solid is obtained. M.P.=165°-6° C.; IR (KBr): 1749 (CH₃ COOAr), 1706 (cm⁻¹) (COOH); ¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃) : 10.4 (1H,s), 5.35-4.85 (1H,m) 3.55-2.55 (4H,m), 2.30 (3H,s), 2.05 (3H,s), 2.00 (6H,s).

    ______________________________________                                         Elemental analysis for C.sub.15 H.sub.18 O.sub.5 (M.W. 278.30)                                C %  H %                                                        ______________________________________                                         Eval.            64.74  6.52                                                   Found            64.74  6.54                                                   ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 3 Propionic acid, 5-(2,3-dihydro-2-(RS)-carboxymethyl-4,6,7-trimethylbenzofuranyl) ester

A solution of (RS)-2-(2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxy-4,6,7-trimethylbenzofuranyl) acetic acid (see example 1) (0.5 g) in pyridine (2.3 ml) with addition of propionic anhydride (1.8 ml) is stirred in inert atmosphere for 2 hours. To the solution are added ice (5 g) and HCl 6 N until pH 2: a white solid is thus precipitated. The product is vacuum filtered, dried and crystallized by benzene/heptane. 0.4 g of a white crystalline solid is obtained. M.P.=148°-50° C.; IR (KBr): 1746 (EtCOOAr), 1710 cm⁻¹ (COOH); ¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃): 11.0 (1H,sb), 5.35-4.85 (1H,m), 3.35-2.55 (6H,m), 2.0 (3H,s), 1.9 (6H,s), 1.2 (3H,t,J=14Hz)

    ______________________________________                                         Elemental analysis for C.sub.16 H.sub.20 O.sub.5 (M.W. 292.33)                                C %  H %                                                        ______________________________________                                         Eval.            65.74  6.89                                                   Found            66.01  6.83                                                   ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 4 Succinic acid, mono 5-(2,3-dihydro-2-(RS)-carboxymethyl-4,6,7-trimethylbenzofuranyl) ester

A mixture of (RS)-2-(2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxy-4,6,7-trimethylbenzofuranyl) acetic acid (see example 1) (1.0 g) succinic anhydride (2.5 g) and pyridine (12 ml) is stirred for 4 h at 100° C. under inert atmosphere. The obtained solution is cooled with addition of H₂ O (20 ml) and HCl 6 N until pH 2, then extracted with chloroform. The organic phase is vacuum evaporated, and the residue is crystallized by benzene. 0.8 g of a white crystalline solid is obtained. M.P.=186°-8° C.; IR (KBr):1744 (RCOOAr), 1708 cm⁻¹ (COOH); ¹ H-NMR (CD₃ OD) 5.35-4.90 (1H,m), 3.4-2.5 (8H,m) 2.05 (3H,s),1.95 (6H,s).

    ______________________________________                                         Elemental analysis for C.sub.17 H.sub.20 O.sub.7 (M.W. 336.34)                                C %  H %                                                        ______________________________________                                         Eval.            60.71  5.99                                                   Found            60.87  5.92                                                   ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 8 (RS)-2-(2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxy-4,6,7-trimethylobenzofuranyl) acetic acid, methyl ester

To a suspension of (RS)-2-(2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxy-4,6,7-trimethylbenzofuranyl) acetic acid (see example 1) (1.4 g) in diethyl ether (15 ml) is added dropwise--keeping the mixture temperature at 5° C.--an ether solution of diazomethane (prepared as in Org. Synth. Coll. Vol. II, 166), until complete dissolution of the substrate (about 20 ml is necessary). The excess diazomethane is distroyed with acetic acid. The solution is filtered and the filtrate is dried. The residue is purified by column chromatography (SiO₂). 1.4 g of a white crystalline solid is obtained. M.P.=108°-10° C.; IR (KBr): 3428 (OH), 1730 cm (COOMe); H-NMR (COCl₃) 6.5 (1H,sb), 530-4.75 (1H,m), 3.65 (3H,s), 3.35-2.55 (4H,m), 2.1 (6H,s), 2.0 (3H.s).

    ______________________________________                                         Elemental analysis for C.sub.14 H.sub.18 O.sub.4 (M.W. 250.29)                                C %  H %                                                        ______________________________________                                         Eval.            67.18  7.25                                                   Found            67.04  7.26                                                   ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 6 Succinic acid, mono 5-[2,3-dihydro-2-(RS)-(methoxycarbonyl)methyl-4,6,7-trimethylbenzofuranyl]ester

A mixture of (RS)-2-(2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxy-4,6,7-trimethylbenzofuranyl) acetic acid, methyl ester (see example 5) (0.25 g) and succinic anhydride (0 20 g) in pyridine (1.5 ml) is placed at 100° C. under inert atmosphere for 5 h. The thus obtained solution is cooled with addition of HCl 2 N until pH 2, and extracted with ethyl acetate. The extracts are washed twice with H₂ O, then are dried and vacuum evaporated. The raw residue is crystallized by benzene. 0.26 g white crystalline solid is obtained. M.P. =154°-6° C.; IR (KBr): 1741 (COOAr), 1731 (COOMe), 1694 cm³¹ 1 (COOH); ¹ H-NMR(CDCl₃): 10.5 (1H,sb), 5.35-4.85 (1H,m),3.7 (3H,s), 3.4-2.6 (8H,m) 2.05 (3H,s), 1.95 (6H,s).

    ______________________________________                                         Elemental analysis for C.sub.18 H.sub.22 O.sub.7 (M.W. 350.37)                                C %  H %                                                        ______________________________________                                         Eval.            61.71  6.33                                                   Found            61.70  6.36                                                   ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 7 (RS)-2-(2,3-dihydro)-5-methoxy-4,6,7-trimethylbenzofuranyl) acetic acid, methyl ester

To a solution of (RS)-2-(2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxy-4,6,7-trimethylbenzofuranyl) acetic acid, methyl ester (see example 5) (0.25 g) in acetone (2 ml) is added anhydrous potassium carbonate (0.15 g) and methyl iodide (0.1 ml). The mixture is refluxed for 24 h; after cooling the non-reacted potassium carbonate is filtered away and the filtrate is vacuum concentrated. The residue is subjected to chromatographic column (SiO₂); 60 mg of a white crystalline solid is obtained M.P.=44°-6° C.; IR (KBr): 1740 cm⁻¹ (COOMe); ¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃): 5.35-4.85 (1H,m), 3.75 (3H,s), 3.65 (3H,s), 3.4-2.5 (4H,m), 2.15 (6H,s), 2.05 (3H,s).

    ______________________________________                                         Analysis for C.sub.15 H.sub.20 O.sub.4 (M.W. 264.32)                                          C %  H %                                                        ______________________________________                                         Eval.            68.16  7.63                                                   Found            67.92  7.58                                                   ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 8 (a) (RS)-2-(2,3-dihydro-5-acetyloxy-4,6,7-trimethylbenzofuranyl) acetyl chloride

To a suspension of (RS)-2-(2,3-dihydro-5-acetyloxy-4,6,7-trimethylbenzofuranyl) acetic acid (see example 2) (4.4 g) in benzene (36 ml) is added dropwise oxalyl chloride (7 ml) over 30'.

The thus obtained solution is kept under stirring at 50° C. for further 15'. After cooling, the solution is vacuum evaporated and the residue is washed twice with toluene. 4.69 g is obtained. Such product is used for the successive reactions without purification IR (KBr): 1804 cm (COCl).

(b) (RS)-2-(2,3-dihydro-5-acetyloxy-4,6,7-trimethylbenzofuranyl) acetic acid, ethyl ester (IRFI 034)

To a solution of (RS)-2-(2,3-dihydro-5-acetyloxy-4,6,7-trimethylbenzofuranyl) acetyl chloride (1.0 g) in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (4 ml) is added pyridine (0.4 ml), then absolute ethanol (0.3 ml); the mixture is stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The suspension is then vacuum evaporated, and H₂ O and ethyl acetate is added. The organic phase is dried and evaporated under vacuum. The residue is purified by column chromatography (SiO₂). 0.75 g of white crystalline solid is obtained. M.P.=76°-77.5° C., IR (KBr):1755 (CH₃ COOAr), 1725 (COOC₂ H₅); ¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃): 5.35-4.85 (1H,m), 4.2 (2H,q), 3.55-2.55 (4H,m), 2.3 (3H,s), 2.05(3H,s), 2.00 (6H,s) 1.25 (3H,t).

    ______________________________________                                         Elemental analysis for C.sub.17 H.sub.22 O.sub.5 (M.W. 306.36)                                C %  H %                                                        ______________________________________                                         Eval.            66.65  7.24                                                   Found            66.40  7.36                                                   ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 9 (RS)-2-(2,3-dihydro-5-acetyloxy-4,6,7-trimethylbenzofuranyl) acetic acid, isobutyl ester

The working process is identical to that of example 8. The product is purified by column chromatography (SiO₂). 0.3 g of a white crystalline solid is obtained M.P.=44.5°-45.5° C.; IR (KBr): 1761 (CH₃ COOAr), 1736 cm⁻¹ (COOR); ¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃): 5.35-4.85 (1H,m), 3.9 (2H,d,j=12Hz), 3.45-2.65 (5H,m), 2.3 (3H,s), 2.05 (3H,s), 2.00 (6H,s), 0.9 (6H,d,j=12Hz).

    ______________________________________                                         Elemental analysis for C.sub.19 H.sub.26 O.sub.5 (M.W. 334.41)                                C %  H %                                                        ______________________________________                                         Eval.            68.24  7.84                                                   Found            68.59  7.85                                                   ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 10 (RS)-2-(2,3-dihydro-5-acetyloxy-4,6,7-trimethylbenzofuranyl) acetic acid, n-octyl ester

The working process is identical to that of example 8. The product is purified by column chromatography (SiO₂). 0.35 g of a white crystalline solid is obtained. M.P.=42.5°-43.5° C.; IR (KBr):1762 (CH₃ COOAr), 1737 cm⁻¹ (COOR); ¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃) 5.35-4.85 (1H,m), 4.1 (2H,t), 3.55-2.65 (4H,m), 2.3 (3H,s), 2.05 (3H,s), 2.00 (6H,s), 1.6-1.1 (12H,m), 0.85 (3H,m).

    ______________________________________                                         Elemental analysis for C.sub.23 H.sub.34 O.sub.5 (M.W. 390.52)                                C %  H %                                                        ______________________________________                                         Eval.            70.74  8.77                                                   Found            70.36  8.76                                                   ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 11 (RS)-2-(2,3-dihydro-5-acetyloxy-4,6,7-trimethylbenzofuranyl) acetic acid, n-octadecyl ester

The working process is identical to the one of example 8. The product is purified by column chromatography (SiO₂). 0.3 g of a white crystalline solid is obtained. M.P.=58°-58.5° C.; IR (KBr):1746 (CH₃ COOAr), 1723 cm⁻¹ (COOR); ¹ H-NMR (CDCl₃):5.35-4.85 (1H,m), 4.1 (2H,t), 3.35-2.65 (4H,m), 2.3 (3H,s), 2.05 (3H,s), 1.95 (6H,s), 1.5:1.2 (32H,m), 0.8 (3H,m).

    ______________________________________                                         Elemental analysis for C.sub.33 H.sub.54 O.sub.5 (M.W. 530.79)                                C %  H %                                                        ______________________________________                                         Eval.            74.67  10.25                                                  Found            74.62  10.24                                                  ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 12 (RS)-2-(2,3-dihydro-5-acetyloxy-4,6,7,-trimethylbenzofuranyl) acetic acid, 2-dimethylamino ethyl ester, chlorhydrate

To a solution of (RS)-2-(2,3-dihydro-5-acetyloxy-4,6,7-trimethylbenzofuranyl) acetyl chloride (see example 8) (0.3 g) in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (1 ml) there is added N,N-dimethylethanolamine (0.09 ml). The reaction mixture is kept under stirring for 1 h; the obtained precipitate is vacuum filtered, washed with diethyl ether, dried and crystallized by ethyl acetate. 0.25 g of a white crystalline solid is obtained. M.P.=166°-8° C.; IR (KBr):2650 (NH), 1752 (CH₃ COOAr), 1742 cm⁻¹ (COOR); ¹ H-NMR (CD₃ OD): 5.4:4.8 (1H,m) 4.5:4.3 (2H m), 3.65-2.75 (6H,m), 2.9 g (6H,s), 2.3 (3H,s), 2.05 (3H,s), 1.95 (6H,s).

    ______________________________________                                         Elemental analysis for C.sub.19 H.sub.28 ClNO.sub.5 (M.W. 385.89)                      C %         H %    N %                                                 ______________________________________                                         Eval.     59.14         7.31   3.63                                            Found     58.93         7.38   3.60                                            ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 13 (RS)-2-(2,3-dihydro-5-acetyloxy-4,6,7-trimethylbenzofuranyl) acetic acid 2-(4-morpholin) ethyl ester, hydrochlorate

To a solution of (RS)-2-(2,3-dihydro-5-acetyloxy-4,6,7-trimethylbenzofuranyl) acetyl chloride (see example 8) (S.4 g) in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (10 ml) is added 4-(2-hydroxyethyl) morpholine (1.3 ml). After 1 h the resulting precipitate is vacuum filtered. The purification of the product takes place by extraction with diethyl ether of the aqueous solution of the chlorhydrate brought to pH 7 with 5% sodium bicarbonate.

The extracts are dried, vacuum concentrated and treated with diethyl ether saturated with HCl.

The precipitate is then vacuum filtered, dried and re-crystallized by an ethyl acetate and methanol mixture. 2.8. g of a crystalline solid is obtained. M.P.=161°-3° C.; IR (KBr):2556, 2455 (NH), 1753 (CH₃ COOAr), 1738 cm⁻¹ (COOR); ¹ H-NMR (CD₃ OD): 4.8:5.4 (1H,m), 4.6:4.35 (2H,t), 4.15:3.7(4H,t), 3.6:2.6 (10H,m) 2.3 (3H,s), 2.05(3H,s), 1.95 (6H,s).

    ______________________________________                                         Elemental analysis for C.sub.21 H.sub.30 ClNO.sub.6 (M.W. 427.92)                      C %         H %    N %                                                 ______________________________________                                         Eval.     58.94         7.07   3.27                                            Found                                                                          ______________________________________                                     

We claim:
 1. A compound of formula: ##STR6## or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, wherein R is: hydrogen;acyl, either linear or branched, with a number of carbon atoms variable from 1 to 7, hemiacyl of a dicarboxylic acid, lower alkyl,R₁ is: hydrogen, linear or branched alkyl with 2 to 20 carbon atoms, alkyl either of the type: ##STR7## wherein n and n₁ are number variable for 0 to 6 and r₂ is lower alkyl, alkyl diether of the type:

    --(CH.sub.2).sub.n --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.n.sbsb.1 --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.n.sbsb.2 --CH.sub.3

wherein n, n₁ are variable from 1 to 6 and n₂ is a number variable from 0 to 6, alkylamine of the type: ##STR8## wherein n is a number variable from 0 to 6, R₂ has the previous meaning and R₃ and R₄ are lower alkyls, and N-alkylheterocyclic of the type: ##STR9## wherein X=CH₂,S,O,NR₂ ; R₂ has the previous meaning, n is a number variable from 1 to 6 and n₃ and n₄ are numbers variable from 1 to
 3. 2. A compound of claim 1, wherein R is: acetyl, propanoyl, butanoyl, isobutanoyl, hemisuccinoyl, methyl or ethyl; and R₁ is: hydrogen, ethyl, isobutyl, octyl or octadecyl.
 3. A compound according to claim 1, wherein R₁ is dimethylaminoethyl, or an N-ethylmorpholinic or an N-ethyl-N'-methylpiperazinic group.
 4. The compound of claim 1, wherein R is acetyl and R₁ is hydrogen.
 5. Pharmaceutical compositions having antiinflammatory, mucolytic and mucoregulating activity, containing the compound of claim 1 as active drug with a non-toxic conventional pharmaceutical excipient. 